United States Patent | 5,367,051 |
Narang, et. al. | Nov. 22, 1994 |
Inventors: | Narang; Subhash C. (Redwood City, CA); Ventura; Susanna C. (Mountain View, CA); Ganapathiappan; Sivapackia (Mountain View, CA); Bhardwaj; Tilak R. (Chandigarh, INX); Nigam; Asutosh (Fremont, CA). |
Assignee: | SRI International (Menlo Park, CA). |
Appl. No.: | 096,045 |
Filed: | Jul. 22, 1993 |
Intl. Cl.: | C08G 73/00; |
U.S. Cl.: | 528/424.; 528/422.; |
Field of Search: | 424;422 |
4,908,442 | Mar., 1990 | Narang et al. | 540/145 |
5,114,477 | May, 1992 | Mort et al. | 106/ 20 |
5,177,248 | Jan., 1993 | Chiang et al. | 560/ 86 |
J. Am. Chem. Soc. May 5, 1993, 115, No. 9, pp. 3850-3851, Geckeler et al, "Polymer-Bound C(60) ".
J. Am. Chem. Soc. May 5, 1993, vol. 115, No. 9, pp. 3844-3845, Y. Wang,"Fullerene-Doped Polysilane Photoconductor".
J. Am. Chem. Soc. May 5, 1993, vol. 115, No. 13, pp. 5829-5830, Smith et al, "1,2 Methanolbuckministerfullerene (C(61) H(2)), The parent Fullerene Cyclopropane: Synthesis and Structure".
J. Am. Chem. Soc. Jan. 29, 1992, vol. 114, No. 26, pp. 10656-10657, Shi, et al "A Polyester & Polyurethane of Diphenyl C(61) : Retention of Fulleroid Properties in A Polymer".
J. Am. Chem. Soc. Jun. 29, 1992, vol. 114, No. 3, pp. 1103-1105, Creegan et al "Synthesis & Characterization of C(60) O, The First Fullerene Epoxide".
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991 vol. 113, No. 15, pp. 5907-5908, Wood et al, "Oxygen and Methylene Adducts of C(60) and C(70) ".
Bae, Y. K., et al., "Production, Characterization, and Deposition of Carbon Clusters", Symposium on Clusters and Cluster Assembled Materials: Special Session on Buckminsterfullerene, Boston, Mass., Nov. 29, 1990, published in The Proceedings of the 1990 Meeting of the MRS Society, pp. 1-9.
Bausch, Joseph W., et al., "Diamagnetic Polyanions of the C(60) and C(70) Fullerenes: Preparation, (^13) C and (^7) Li NMR Spectroscopic Observation, and Alkylation with Methyl Iodide to Polymethylated Fullerenes", Journal of American Chemical Society, vol. 113, Jan. 1991, pp. 3205-3206.
Hawkins, Joel M. et al., "Crystal Structure of Osmylated C(60) : Confirmation of the Soccer Ball Framework", Science, vol. 252, pp. 312-313 Mar. 1991.
Hawkins, Joel M., et al., "Organic Chemistry of C(60) (Buskminsterfullerene): Chromatography and Osmylation", Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol. 55, Nov. 1990, pp. 6250-6252.
Kratschmer, W., et al., "Solid C(60) : A New Form of Carbon", Nature, vol. 347, Sep. 27, 1990, pp. 354-357.
Wudl, F., et al., "Survey of Chemical Reactivity of C(60), Electrophile and Dieno-polarophile Par Excellence", published in ACS Symposium Series 481, 201st National Meeting of the American Chemical Society at Atlanta, Georgia, Apr. 14-19, 1991, pp. 161-175.
Fullerene-functionalized amine-containing polymers and polymerizable monomers are disclosed characterized by high temperature stability, i.e., capable of withstanding a temperature of at least about 300 deg. C., and in some instances as high as 650 deg. C., when in polymerized form. The fullerene groups are bonded to the polymers through the amine groups on the polymer. In some instances enhanced mechanical properties also result and, in the case of cross-linked polymers, a composite can be formed from such materials which is structurally reinforced at the molecular level, with the fullerene groups acting as the molecular level structural reinforcement.